Over 1 Lakh Single-Teacher Schools Educate 33 Lakh Students Across India: MoE Data

India’s education system continues to face a complex challenge — the prevalence of single-teacher schools. According to the Ministry of Education’s data for the 2024–25 academic year, more than 1,04,000 schools across the country are operated by just one teacher, collectively catering to over 33.7 lakh students. This translates to an average of 34 students per school, highlighting a pressing gap in teacher availability despite ongoing reforms under the Right to Education Act (RTE).

The data, reported by The Indian Express, shows that Andhra Pradesh leads the country with 12,912 single-teacher schools, followed by Uttar Pradesh (9,508), Jharkhand (9,172), Maharashtra (8,152), and Karnataka (7,349). Smaller regions such as Lakshadweep and Madhya Pradesh each report 7,217 such schools. In stark contrast, Delhi has only nine, while Puducherry, Ladakh, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu, and Chandigarh report none.

In terms of student enrolment, Uttar Pradesh again tops the list with 6.24 lakh students, followed by Jharkhand (4.36 lakh), West Bengal (2.35 lakh), Madhya Pradesh (2.29 lakh), and Karnataka (2.23 lakh). The data also revealed wide disparities in the average number of students per single-teacher school. While Chandigarh (1,222 students) and Delhi (808 students) reported high averages, remote and hilly regions like Ladakh (59), Mizoram (70), and Meghalaya (73) reported much smaller class sizes.

Officials from the Ministry noted that while the total number of single-teacher schools has decreased from 1,18,190 in 2022–23 to 1,10,971 in 2023–24, the situation still calls for urgent intervention. The reduction, roughly six per cent year-on-year, has been achieved through a process of school mergers and rationalisation—a policy aimed at consolidating under-enrolled schools and redeploying teachers more efficiently.

A senior ministry official explained, “Single-teacher schools hinder the teaching-learning process. Efforts are being made to redeploy teachers from schools with zero student enrolment to single-teacher schools to ensure optimal teacher availability.” The official also added that states are working to maintain the RTE-mandated pupil-teacher ratio of 30:1 in primary schools and 35:1 in upper primary levels, though challenges persist in rural and remote areas.

As India works toward achieving the goals of Viksit Bharat 2047, addressing such foundational gaps in human resources remains crucial. Ensuring that every classroom has an adequate number of qualified teachers is not just a logistical challenge—it is central to improving learning outcomes and restoring balance to the public education system.

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(With PTI inputs)