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A wave of parents protesting against school fee hikes hits the nation.

The last 3-4 months has seen plenty of action in the Indian edu sector. Parents have been protesting loudly over fee hikes by schools. Schools have been justifying the same as cost of services rendered. The problem lies in the difference in attitude of schools and govt over profit making.

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In probably the first time in the annals of educational history in India parents have organised themselves and galvanised against private schools over unregulated fee hikes during the last 3-4 months.

This phenomena is observed across the nation with protests beings staged against schools in Delhi, Bengaluru, Mumbai, Kerala and recently, in Hyderabad. In many cities, this issue has even reached judicial corridors.

Most notably among the parent associations is the Hyderabad School Parents’ Association (HSPA) which received tremendous support from parents across India, when they launched a “missed call campaign” last month. The association exhorted all parents to dial a number on a given day if they wanted school fee to be regulated.

It reportedly received 1.3 lakh calls, of which 17,800 were from Delhi, 14,994 from Maharashtra and 10,550 from Karnataka, clearly reflecting the massive wave of frustration that parents across the country are probably experiencing.

“We are unhappy over the ways in which schools are manipulating parents by hiking admission and transportation fees every year. The CBSE and ICSE by-laws clearly state that the school management should consult parents through chosen parents’ representatives before revising the fee. But we are not convinced about the selection process of the Parent Teacher Association (PTA) itself. Often, parents are unaware of the PTA selection process and are never informed about it,” KASPA vice-president Selvaraj says.

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Like many other states, Karnataka has not fixed any limit for school fees. It is notable that in 2014, the department of public instruction had drafted a policy to fix the fee per student in Bengaluru schools. However, the draft had reportedly received 7,000 objections and suggestions from the public and eventually the draft was shelved. In fact, the proposal also received equally strong opposition from school managements.

Dr M Srinivasan, founder-chairperson of GEAR International School in Bengaluru, asks. “The government and the parents consider just the salaries and maintenance cost while calculating the fee, but what about the initial establishment cost?”

Let us look closely at the establishment cost incurred by a school.

“There is no single criteria to measure the establishment cost,” K Satyanarayan, director at Chennai-based New Horizon Media Pvt Ltd and an education blogger, says.

One of the biggest components of a school’s initial expenditure is the cost of land. For example, if the land was purchased at market value or taken on a lease, the management will most likely have the burden of a loan incurred to purchase or take it on lease.

If the private school has obtained the land at a concessional rate then, of course, it is even easier for the school to make a substantial profit.

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“In Bengaluru, the Bangalore Development Authority reserves land for educational institutions, but how much of it is actually sanctioned to schools?” D Shashi Kumar, general secretary of the Karnataka State Private School Managements’ Association and the founder of Blossoms School, asks.

According to him, the government used to sanction land in the past for educational institutions, but that has not happened in a decade or so. This means that most schools and educational institutes opened in the last few years have been on privately purchased land at market value.

According to Jayaraman S, a chartered accountant who used to audit private schools in Delhi and is a governing body member of several schools, the Delhi government sanctions land to private school managements at a relatively cheap Rs 45 lakh per acre.

The next head of expenditure is the cost incurred to build the school and provide infrastructural facilities.

This brings us to the question of schools making “reasonable surplus.” The Indian law makes it mandatory for educational institutions to be registered under the Indian Societies Registration Act or Indian Trusts Act. This means that fortunately or unfortunately these institutions are herded in the category of non-profit organisations.What is Reasonable surplus?

However, what complicates matters further is that in various court cases, the apex court has adjudged that educational institutions do have the freedom to make a reasonable surplus. However, the court was clear that there cannot be any profiteering in education and any surplus fee collected should be used only for the school’s development activities or expansion plans.

Regulations and litigation

It is not that states do not have any rules governing fee collection and implementation. In fact, every state has its own fee regulation policy for schools. But the policy itself has become a bone of contention between schools and parents.

Though the Andhra Pradesh high court in 2010 limited the admission fee for private schools to Rs 5,000 per student and that the order was enforced in the same year, still parents in Hyderabad claim that schools have been violating these norms.

“Schools collect non-refundable admission fees, ranging anywhere between Rs 25,000 to Rs 2,50,000,” Seema Agarwal, an executive member of HSPA, says.

In Mumbai, Private Schools of Maharashtra (PoP SoM) is a group that’s fighting unjustified fee hikes. The Maharashtra Educational Institutions (Regulation of Fee) Act allows for a 15% fee hike once in two years, but parents allege that schools have been hiking their fee every year.

Chennai is the only major city that hasn’t seen any major outbreaks due to this issue. The reason is The Tamil Nadu Schools (Regulation and Collection of Fees) Act, 2009, which paved the way for the establishment of the Private School Fee Fixation Committees, who calculated fees based on the school’s locality, the strength of students, classes of study and status of the school.

However, even in Chennai, certain CBSE and ICSE schools approached the Supreme Court questioning the powers of the Fee Fixation Committee, leading to the issue of an interim order by the Supreme Court in January 2016.

The interim order removed the teeth of the Act by stating that the committees are limited to only verifying the fee collected by schools and checking if it is commensurate with the facilities provided; they could not impose any fee ceiling.

Lack of clarity

Satyanarayan feels that the problem lies in the ambiguity on what is allowable and non-allowable expenditure for schools.

Dissecting the Chennai model, he says even that Act is not devoid of faults. He pointed out 2 faults in it. First, the policy doesn’t leave any scope for the schools to experiment. For example, according to the RTE Act, the student-teacher ratio per class should be 30:1. But if a school tries to improve educational outcomes by deploying more teachers, the committee considers it as inflating the expense.

Secondly, the members of the committee are not qualified auditors, but officers of the education department. “They cannot actually gauge the cost and expense of the school,” Satyanarayan observes.

He believes that the problem lies in the absence of a separate authority to regulate the education sector and emphasises that fee regulation has to be viewed holistically.

Whatever the outcome of the recent skirmishes, it seems it will lead to a major restructuring in the ways schools are recognised in the eyes of the law and the expectations parents carry from schools. Who knows, it may actually be the point of inflection where the government schools may see resurgence and even the government may play an active part in resuscitating them.

Education

OpenAI Academy Launches in India to Democratise AI Education for Students, Teachers, and Startups

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OpenAI Academy launched to boost AI education in India | Image Source- Pexels

In a landmark move to scale artificial intelligence education across India, OpenAI has officially launched its first international educational initiative—OpenAI Academy India—in partnership with the IndiaAI Mission under the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY). The initiative aims to equip a wide cross-section of learners with AI skills, from students and educators to civil servants, entrepreneurs, and nonprofit leaders.

As part of the collaboration, OpenAI and the IndiaAI Mission have signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) outlining shared goals under the “FutureSkills” pillar of the national AI strategy. The curriculum will initially be available in English and Hindi, with future plans to expand into regional languages to enhance accessibility and inclusivity.

The Academy will offer a hybrid model of digital and in-person learning, combining on-demand modules, webinars, expert-led workshops, and peer-based collaboration. The content will also be hosted on platforms such as the FutureSkills portal and the iGOT Karmayogi platform, enabling central and state government officials to upskill in emerging technologies.

One of the initiative’s most ambitious goals is to train one million teachers in the practical use of Generative AI tools in education. This is aligned with OpenAI’s broader mission to empower educators to integrate AI into classrooms meaningfully.

OpenAI will also host hackathons across seven Indian states, aiming to reach 25,000 students, and conduct workshops in six major cities. Winners of these hackathons will earn the chance to attend OpenAI Dev Day events abroad. In addition, 50 startups or fellows selected by the IndiaAI Mission will receive up to $100,000 in API credits to support their AI-based innovation projects.

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Union IT Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw called the initiative a significant leap forward in democratising access to cutting-edge technology. “This partnership makes the latest AI tools available to India’s startup ecosystem and government workforce alike,” he noted, adding that it will accelerate local innovation and adoption.

Jason Kwon, Chief Strategy Officer of OpenAI, praised India’s growing influence in the global AI landscape. “India is one of the most dynamic countries for AI development. We’re proud to launch OpenAI Academy India to help more people gain confidence and skills to use AI meaningfully,” he said.

The platform will host a free Knowledge Hub offering a variety of resources—video tutorials, virtual events, hands-on training modules, and community forums—designed to make AI literacy engaging and practical.

With inputs from PTI

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UNESCO Flags Foundational Learning Crisis & Leadership Gaps in India’s Education System

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UNESCO Global Education Monitoring (GEM) Report 2024–25 | Image Source- UNESCO

Despite India’s near-universal school enrolment at the primary level, the latest UNESCO Global Education Monitoring (GEM) Report 2024–25 paints a sobering picture of foundational learning and systemic leadership gaps in Indian education.

According to the report, over 95% of children in India are enrolled in primary school, yet basic learning outcomes remain dismal. ASER 2023 found that only 43% of Class 3 students could read a Class 2-level text, underscoring a national learning crisis.

While India boasts a 60% female workforce in elementary education, the leadership landscape tells a different story. Only 13% of vice-chancellors in central universities were women as of 2022, and formal principal training is absent in many Indian states despite NEP 2020’s mandate of 50 hours of annual professional development for school leaders.

This gender leadership gap reflects a global trend, with only 87 boys per 100 girls achieving minimum reading proficiency, and in middle-income nations like India, the number drops to 72 boys per 100 girls. The pandemic also reversed pre-COVID gains in gender parity for maths, with girls now underperforming in countries like Brazil, the UK, and Italy.

The GEM report also highlights bright spots. India’s policy commitment through NEP 2020 and innovative peer-mentorship pilots—like Delhi’s middle leadership model—demonstrate the potential of decentralised leadership to foster trust, collaboration, and improved school culture.

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Global evidence cited by UNESCO shows that female-led schools in parts of Africa resulted in one full additional year of learning gain, proving that gender-inclusive leadership can enhance academic performance.

However, implementation remains inconsistent. Many leadership positions in India still lack transparent selection and promotion processes, and states fall short in meeting training targets. The digital divide, especially post-pandemic, has further deepened inequities, hitting girls in under-resourced regions the hardest.

What India Needs Next:

  • Institutionalise mandatory leadership certifications.

  • Accelerate women’s inclusion in senior roles.

  • Shift focus from enrolment to outcome-driven learning metrics.

  • Embed leadership training into teacher education.

  • Scale up local mentorship models proven to work.

The UNESCO report is a reminder that enrolment alone cannot guarantee education quality. Bridging the gap between policy intent and on-ground implementation is critical if India is to transform its education system into one that is equitable, inclusive, and future-ready.

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Beyond the Buzz: Investors Call for Grounded AI Innovation in Indian Classrooms

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Image Source- Envato Elements

At a time when Artificial Intelligence (AI) headlines dominate global discourse, a quieter but more consequential conversation is unfolding in India’s education sector—one that cuts through the hype to explore whether AI is genuinely improving learning outcomes or just riding a wave of fascination.

In its latest article titled “Not Just Hype: What Investors Really Think About AI in Indian Education”, Entrepreneur India reported on insights shared by Ganapathy Venugopal, Co-founder & CEO of Axilor Ventures, at the IGIS 2025 forum. Offering a candid investor’s lens, Venugopal remarked, “We’ve seen plenty of hype around AI. But for us, it’s about where the real value lies—can it solve something fundamental, like India’s teacher-student gap?” According to him, the most investable AI tools are not the flashiest but the most functional—those that support teachers, amplify their effectiveness, and reach where human resources fall short.

Echoing this, Kobi Gal from Ben-Gurion University pointed out that while AI has democratised access to learning, it hasn’t yet changed the core of how we learn. “The education system remains rigid. AI can increase reach, yes, but transformation is still elusive,” he said.

India’s edtech sector is poised for growth with its vast K–12 student base and rapidly expanding internet access. However, a major challenge remains—only 24% of households have internet, per NSSO data. This makes Tier II–IV cities a key battleground for AI-powered learning tools. Investors are now shifting focus from “edtech” as a label to learning outcomes, engagement, and job-readiness, with AI viewed as an enabler rather than a product category.

Venugopal pointedly questioned current trends: “Are we building tools to complete homework, or to change how we learn?” His statement taps into the broader tension—between consumer-friendly shortcuts and pedagogically sound, scalable solutions.

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At ScooNews Global Educators Fest (SGEF) 2023, this theme of AI with a conscience was also central. Held in Jaipur, the festival brought together educators, artists, and changemakers to discuss how artificial intelligence can serve—not replace—human values in education. Noted speakers like Lakshyaraj Singh Mewar, Rama Datt, and Padma Shri Anand Kumar reinforced the idea that technology must remain grounded in empathy, inclusivity, and purpose. A memorable moment was Anand Kumar’s speech on whether AI could ever truly replace a teacher’s role—a thought-provoking precursor to the investor sentiments voiced at IGIS 2025.

The conversation today is no longer about AI replacing the classroom, but enhancing it. With investor confidence growing in tools that support hybrid delivery models, regional customisation, and lifelong learning, the sector appears headed toward a more sustainable future.

Yet, Venugopal issued a final word of caution: “We look at sectors where demand is unquestionable and the cost of not solving the problem is high. Education in India fits that bill. But we must build with humility—and rigour.”

As India’s AI-powered education future unfolds, investors, educators, and innovators alike seem to agree: the goal is not disruption for disruption’s sake, but designing systems that serve learners in meaningful, measurable ways.

📌 Stay tuned for SGEF 2025 — This year, we gather under the theme: “Purpose-Driven Education: Designing for Future Realities.” Explore how we can reimagine school curricula to align with the evolving needs of our society and the professional world. Register here

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Education Ministry Launches National Drive for Healthier, Safer Schools

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Education Ministry hosts workshop outlining digital tools, policy moves & state success stories to strengthen tobacco-free, health-focused school environments.

The Department of School Education & Literacy (DoSEL), Ministry of Education, observed World No Tobacco Day on 31st May 2025 with a national workshop held at Rang Bhawan, Akashvani Bhawan. Inaugurated by Sanjay Kumar, Secretary, DoSEL, the event convened key stakeholders from the Ministries of Health, Home Affairs, NCERT, CBSE, UNODC, and State representatives, alongside students, civil society members, and domain experts.

During the workshop, Kumar launched the Nationwide School Challenge on Tobacco Awareness on the MyGov platform, set to begin on 10th June 2025. Aimed at student engagement, the initiative encourages schools across India to lead awareness campaigns. Participants also took the No-Tobacco Pledge, underscoring the shared responsibility of educators and communities in protecting students from tobacco exposure.

Kumar highlighted the alarming influence of tobacco advertising on youth and emphasised the importance of proactive involvement from School Management Committees (SMCs), parents, and local bodies to create tobacco-free campuses. Additional Secretary Anandrao V. Patil reinforced this message in his keynote, focusing on student health, well-being, and preventive education.

Other key speakers included CBSE Chairperson Rahul Singh, who spoke on the integration of health and wellness modules in schools, and Economic Advisor A. Srija, who stressed inter-sectoral collaboration for effective implementation of Tobacco-Free Educational Institutions (ToFEI) Guidelines.

Technical sessions covered mental health (Manodarpan), life skills education (Navchetna), the School Health Programme, and digital monitoring of ToFEI compliance. Experts from NCERT, CBSE, UNODC, and the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare contributed insights on embedding wellness in school ecosystems.

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State nodal officers from Chandigarh, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, and Puducherry presented best practices—from dental health drives to creative student engagement tools like comics and animation. Efforts to contextualise ToFEI manuals in regional languages were also shared.

The workshop concluded with a call for consistent monitoring, awareness campaigns, and holistic health education to build tobacco-free, safe learning environments.

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Government School Enrolment Drops Across States, Centre Flags ‘Disturbing Trend’

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Students Moving Away from Government Schools a 'Disturbing Trend', Says Education Ministry (representational image)

A recent report by The Indian Express reveals a worrisome shift in India’s school enrolment patterns—more students are opting for private institutions, even in states with a robust network of government schools. During meetings held by the Ministry of Education with state officials in March–April 2025 to discuss projects under the Samagra Shiksha scheme, the Centre flagged this as a “disturbing trend.”

In states like Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, and Uttarakhand, the enrolment in unaided private schools has consistently risen despite government schools forming the majority in number. For instance, in Andhra Pradesh, 73% of schools are government-run, yet they account for just 46% of total student enrolment. Similarly, Telangana’s government schools form 70% of total schools but educate only 38% of students, compared to nearly 61% in private schools.

This trend isn’t isolated. Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Maharashtra, and several northeastern states have also reported declining numbers in government school enrolment. The Union Ministry has urged states to reverse this decline, citing the need for introspection and reform. In Tamil Nadu, for example, government schools make up 64% of the total but serve just 37% of the student population.

Interestingly, some states have responded by conducting Aadhaar-based “data cleansing” to explain the drops. Still, the Centre believes deeper, systemic issues—such as rising aspirations and perceptions of quality—are driving families towards private schooling.

The concern goes beyond statistics. According to UDISE+ 2023–24 data, 36% of total school enrolment in India (over 9 crore students) is now in private schools. In 2022–23, it was 33%. Pre-pandemic figures already indicated this steady rise.

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Where Do Government Schools Go From Here?

The falling trust in government schools paints a grim picture—especially when education budgets face cuts and systemic reform remains slow. However, all is not lost. States like Madhya Pradesh are setting examples through initiatives like the CM Rise Schools, which aim to rejuvenate public education with upgraded infrastructure, teacher training, and modern pedagogy.

But such success stories remain scattered. Without strong policy backing, increased funding, and public support, the future of government schooling appears uncertain. In an era of aggressive privatisation—be it formal schooling or the booming coaching industry—government schools risk being sidelined unless urgently revitalised.

Why must they survive? Because they remain the only accessible option for millions, especially in rural and marginalised communities. They are not just institutions—they’re vehicles of social equity, offering a shot at mobility to those who may otherwise be left behind.

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Over 10,000 Unrecognised Schools in Bihar, Jharkhand: Education Ministry Flags Violation of RTE Act

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The Ministry of Education has directed Jharkhand and Bihar to take immediate action and issue necessary instructions regarding the operation of unrecognised schools in both states. (Representational Image)

In a startling revelation, the Ministry of Education has flagged that over 10,000 unrecognised schools are operating in Bihar and Jharkhand, enrolling more than 1.6 million students and employing over 88,000 teachers—despite being in violation of the Right to Education (RTE) Act, 2009.

Jharkhand has the highest number of unrecognised schools in India, with 5,879 such institutions enrolling over 8.3 lakh students and staffed by more than 46,000 teachers. Bihar follows with 4,915 unrecognised schools, catering to over 7.7 lakh students and 42,000 teachers.

These figures emerged during the 2025-26 Project Approval Board (PAB) meetings under the Samagra Shiksha scheme, held earlier this year. The Ministry stated that the existence of these schools goes against Section 19 of the RTE Act, which mandates that all pre-existing schools meet prescribed norms within three years of the Act’s implementation. Failure to comply should lead to withdrawal of recognition and closure of the institutions.

The Ministry has directed both states to take appropriate action, either by recognising these schools through proper channels or by ensuring their closure in accordance with legal norms. Notably, Jharkhand’s education department has formed district-level recognition committees and claims that many of these schools began operations before the RTE Act came into effect.

Additionally, the Ministry raised concerns over discrepancies in data regarding Out-of-School Children (OoSC). For 2023–24, Jharkhand reported 37,409 OoSC on the PRABANDH portal, whereas the NSSO survey for 2022–23 recorded 1,07,639 ‘never enrolled’ children aged 6–14. In Bihar, the contrast was even more stark: 33,285 OoSC on PRABANDH versus 6.27 lakh ‘never enrolled’ according to NSSO.

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To address this gap, the Ministry has advised strict data monitoring and called for special enrolment drives, with full support from School Management Committees (SMCs), to bring every child back into the education system.

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PadhAI Conclave Highlights Urgent Role of Artificial Intelligence in Indian Education

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Union Education Minister Dharmendra Pradhan addressing the concluding session of the PadhAI Conclave in New Delhi.

Union Education Minister Dharmendra Pradhan delivered the valedictory address at the PadhAI: Conclave on AI in Education, held in New Delhi and organised by the Centre of Policy Research and Governance (CPRG). The two-day conclave brought together senior policymakers, educationists, and technology experts to discuss the growing role of artificial intelligence in reshaping India’s education landscape.

In his address, Pradhan emphasised that artificial intelligence is not merely a technological tool, but a transformative force and a catalyst for innovation in education. “AI is a bridge between empathy and technology,” he said, underlining the need for India’s human intelligence to take the lead in the global AI revolution.

The Minister highlighted several initiatives undertaken by the government to promote AI in education, including the establishment of Centres of Excellence in AI and plans to promote AI integration in Indian languages. He stressed that leveraging AI to foster critical thinking in classrooms was no longer optional but essential, marking a transition from “chalkboards to chipsets.”

He also called upon academicians and technologists to collaborate on policy suggestions that would enable India to responsibly and effectively integrate AI in school and higher education systems.

The conclave featured a series of panel discussions and keynote addresses exploring how AI is transforming classroom teaching, expanding learning beyond the four walls, and the structural challenges that need to be addressed for effective implementation.

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Notable speakers included Jitin Prasada, Minister of State for Commerce & Industry and Electronics & IT; Ashish Sood, Minister for Education and Higher Education, Delhi; Vineet Joshi, Secretary, Department of Higher Education and Chairperson, UGC; Abhishek Singh, CEO, IndiaAI Mission; Pankaj Arora, Chairperson, NCTE; Anil Sahasrabudhe, Chairman, NETF; Yogesh Singh, Vice Chancellor, University of Delhi; Sanjeev Bikhchandani, Co-founder, Info Edge; and Rashmi Das, Chairperson, Higashi Autism School.

The event concluded with a call for increased collaboration between the public and private sectors to harness AI for inclusive and accessible education.

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University of Liverpool to Open First International Campus in Bengaluru by 2026

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University of Liverpool introduces its new campus in the city of Bengaluru | Image- www.liverpool.ac.uk

In a significant development for India’s higher education sector, the University of Liverpool—one of the United Kingdom’s most prestigious academic institutions and a member of the Russell Group—has announced plans to establish its first international campus in Bengaluru. The university aims to commence operations by 2026.

This marks the first time a Russell Group university, often likened to the Ivy League for UK higher education, will set up a physical campus in India. Known for its world-class research and academic rigour, the University of Liverpool was founded in 1881 and has produced nine Nobel laureates. Its entry into the Indian education landscape is expected to bolster the globalisation of Indian higher education and widen access to top-tier international programmes.

Initially, the Bengaluru campus will offer undergraduate and postgraduate courses in Business Management, Accounting and Finance, Computer Science, Biomedical Sciences, and Game Design—making it the first UK university to offer these programmes from within India. The range of disciplines is expected to expand over time.

Karnataka Chief Minister Siddaramaiah hailed the development as a “landmark moment” in the state’s educational journey. “For many years, our brightest minds left the country to study abroad. Today, a top global university is choosing to come here,” he said, adding that the government would ensure full support through policy and infrastructure.

In a move to bridge industry and academia, the university also signed an MoU with Bengaluru-based IT major Wipro to collaborate on research, innovation, and skill-building programmes.

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Curriculum Controversy at Delhi University: Academic Voices Clash Over Syllabus Overhaul

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Delhi University’s syllabus changes spark backlash over academic freedom by the faculty

Delhi University’s Executive Council (EC) has approved sweeping curriculum revisions that have sparked sharp protests from faculty members, igniting a fresh debate over academic freedom, ideological influence, and the future of higher education in India. The changes, ratified during the EC’s 1,275th meeting, affect multiple departments including Psychology, Sociology, and English, and introduce new programmes in journalism and nuclear medicine.

Among the most contentious shifts is the removal of conflict-based case studies from the Psychology of Peace paper. Case references to Kashmir, Palestine, India-Pakistan relations, and the Northeast have been replaced with conflict-resolution examples drawn from Indian epics like the Mahabharata and Bhagavad Gita. Similarly, a Sociology paper has dropped foundational thinkers like Karl Marx and Thomas Robert Malthus, along with key sections such as the Sociology of Food and the critical lens on the Sociology of Law.

Faculty members are sounding the alarm. As per a story in Business Standard, EC member and Associate Professor at Kirori Mal College, Rudrashish Chakraborty, called the changes “a complete disregard for disciplinary expertise” and warned they could severely damage DU’s global academic standing.

At the heart of the backlash is a deeper concern about ideological overreach in curriculum design. Critics say the move replaces rigorous, research-based frameworks with selectively religious narratives, undermining the pluralism that once defined Indian academia.

Why These Topics Were in the Curriculum in the First Place

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Incorporating geopolitical issues like Kashmir and Palestine in social science syllabi wasn’t about courting controversy—it was about helping students understand conflict, diplomacy, and peace-building through lived realities. Scholars like Marx and Malthus, often labelled as ideologues, contributed frameworks that shaped global discourse on inequality, population, labour, and social justice. To erase them from academic memory is not just selective—it’s intellectually dishonest.

Their inclusion wasn’t about promoting one ideology over another but about exposing students to a spectrum of thought. If academic institutions stop encouraging intellectual plurality, they risk becoming echo chambers that simply mirror prevailing politics.

What Could Have Been Done Differently

If the aim was truly to Indianise or decolonise the curriculum—as has been cited in many recent reforms—it could have been done with scholarly rigour. Including Indian thinkers alongside global ones, offering critical engagement rather than replacement, and developing interdisciplinary modules that draw on Indian social realities would have strengthened rather than diluted the curriculum.

A meaningful curriculum reform should be inclusive, consultative, and pedagogically sound. Instead, these changes appear abrupt and top-down, with several faculty members alleging they were not adequately consulted. As one member remarked, “Modernisation cannot come at the cost of academic autonomy.”

The counter to a whitewashed curriculum should not be to do the exact opposite. Figures like Karl Marx are not just ideologists; their legacies extend beyond nation-states. They presented global ideas that remain relevant to Indian society, especially in an age grappling with inequality and labour rights.

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And religion—while an important part of many societies—must never dominate education policy. When one faith is elevated in academic materials meant for students of all backgrounds, it chips away at the secular fabric of our democracy.

Replacing complex geopolitical issues with religious scripture is not only pedagogically flawed—it’s, frankly, a dangerous precedent.

New Programmes and Policy Decisions

Beyond the curriculum overhaul, DU has also announced the launch of a two-year M.A. in Journalism in both Hindi and English, and a BSc in Nuclear Medicine Technology, to be offered at the Army Hospital (R&R) for Armed Forces Medical Services personnel. The EC also introduced a new policy for determining teacher seniority, with age taking precedence over API scores when qualifications are equal.

A committee has been constituted to assess the implications of a DoPT circular mandating periodic review of employees aged 50 and above—raising concerns about forced retirement policies within the university system.

As the NEP rollout moves ahead, universities like DU need to walk the path wisely. Reforms should fuel learning, not push a story. Education isn’t meant to box students into ideologies—it’s meant to open minds, spark debate, and shape citizens who can think for themselves. Our classrooms should dig deeper, not go narrow. We can’t afford to swap knowledge for one-sided thinking.

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CBSE Directs Schools to Map Mother Tongues, Pushes for Multilingual Classrooms in Foundational Years

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CBSE Directs Schools to Map Mother Tongues, Pushes for Multilingual Classrooms in Foundational Years

In a significant step towards multilingual education, the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) has issued a directive asking all affiliated schools to begin mapping the mother tongues of students from pre-primary to Class 5. The move aligns with the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 and the National Curriculum Framework for School Education (NCFSE) 2023, both of which advocate for the use of the child’s home language in early education.

In a circular dated May 22, CBSE encouraged schools to adopt the child’s mother tongue—or a familiar regional language referred to as R1—as the medium of instruction, particularly from pre-primary to Class 2. From Classes 3 to 5, students may either continue with R1 or be introduced to a second language (R2) for instruction.

While CBSE has previously recommended the use of mother tongue in classrooms, this circular signals a stronger push, potentially paving the way for it to become compulsory in the future. The Board has advised schools to start aligning their academic content with this change by the end of the summer break, although a flexible timeline has been offered.

The rationale behind this shift is grounded in research: young children grasp concepts better when taught in the language they speak at home. With NEP and NCFSE both promoting concept-based, multilingual learning, CBSE’s decision aims to make foundational education more accessible and meaningful.

To support this transition, schools are required to form NCF implementation committees by the end of May. These teams will oversee language mapping, adapt teaching materials, and coordinate teacher training for multilingual education. Starting in July, schools must also submit monthly progress reports, and academic observers may visit institutions to offer feedback and support.

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NCERT has already made textbooks for Classes 1 and 2 available in 22 Indian languages, with higher-grade translations underway. The aim is clear—bring the school closer to the home, linguistically and emotionally, for India’s youngest learners.

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