The debate around smartphones in schools has gained fresh momentum following a Delhi High Court ruling that a complete ban on smartphones for students is “undesirable and unworkable”. This decision aligns with the evolving global discourse on whether restricting mobile phones in schools improves learning outcomes or stifles digital literacy. While concerns around screen addiction, cyberbullying, and distractions in classrooms remain valid, an outright ban may deny students access to essential learning tools, safety, and connectivity.

With 79 education systems worldwide banning smartphone use in schools by the end of 2024 (UNESCO Global Education Monitoring Report, 2025), India now faces the challenge of formulating balanced policies that regulate smartphone use while ensuring digital inclusivity and responsible online behaviour.

Delhi HC: Ban is “Undesirable and Unworkable”

The Delhi High Court, in its February 28 ruling, acknowledged both the harmful and beneficial aspects of smartphone usage in schools. While the indiscriminate use of phones can impact student focus, expose them to cyber risks, and encourage excessive social media engagement, the court recognised that smartphones serve crucial purposes, such as:

• Ensuring safety and coordination between parents and children
• Providing access to educational resources, research tools, and digital learning platforms
• Enhancing student engagement through AI-based and gamified learning apps

Instead of a blanket ban, the court proposed regulated use, allowing schools to create structured policies for monitoring smartphone usage while keeping students informed about digital well-being, online etiquette, and responsible internet use.

The Court’s Guidelines on Smartphone Use in Schools:

• Schools must educate students on responsible online behaviour and ethical smartphone use
• Students should be counselled on the risks of excessive screen time, social media anxiety, and cyberbullying
• Where possible, students may deposit smartphones upon entering school and retrieve them at home time
• Classroom use must be prohibited, and camera/recording functions should be disabled in common areas and school vehicles
• The policy should be developed with input from educators, parents, and digital safety experts

The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) and Delhi’s Directorate of Education have been directed to formulate revised guidelines based on the ruling.

The Global Perspective: Countries Banning Smartphones in Schools

According to the UNESCO Global Education Monitoring Report (2025), a growing number of education systems worldwide are implementing strict regulations on smartphone usage in schools. As of 2024, 79 education systems (40%) had introduced bans in some form.

• China: Schools in Zhengzhou require written parental consent to use smartphones for academic purposes.
• France: A “digital break” policy was introduced in lower secondary schools to complement existing phone bans.
• Australia & Spain: Some regions have imposed strict bans, while others allow individual schools to draft their own regulations.
• United States: 20 out of 50 states have enacted restrictions, with some allowing exceptions for students requiring learning accommodations.

Despite these regulations, UNESCO’s report warns against over-restricting smartphone use, arguing that technology should only be banned if it disrupts learning and does not support educational outcomes.

The Learning vs. Distraction Debate

The 2023 GEM Report cited research indicating that smartphone bans in countries like Belgium, Spain, and the UK improved learning outcomes, especially for struggling students. However, it also raised concerns about equity, stating that students must learn to navigate technology rather than be shielded from it entirely.

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India has yet to implement a nationwide smartphone policy for schools, but many institutions have internal restrictions on mobile usage. While the Delhi High Court ruling offers guidance, a broader national discussion is required to strike the right balance between technological innovation and student well-being.

Who Stands to Lose if Smartphones Are Banned?

While privileged students may have alternative access to digital resources at home, a complete ban on smartphones could disproportionately impact lower-income students who depend on mobile devices for online learning, research, and access to educational apps and AI-based tutoring tools. These devices also serve as gateways to government-led digital learning initiatives like DIKSHA and PM eVidya, as well as crucial resources for career counselling, scholarships, and college applications. Eliminating smartphone access in schools could further widen the digital divide, hindering India’s goal of building a digitally literate workforce at a time when technology-driven skills are becoming essential in global job markets.

Why Smartphones Are Essential in Education?

1. Safety and Connectivity

In an unpredictable world, smartphones provide a crucial safety net for students and parents. Real-time communication ensures students can report emergencies, navigate transport routes, and stay connected with family.

2. Digital Learning and AI-Based Education

With the rise of AI-driven education, smartphones serve as gateways to:

• AI-powered tutoring platforms that personalise learning experiences
• Online courses, coding platforms, and gamified STEM learning
• Language-learning apps and digital libraries

3. Encouraging Self-Directed Learning

Apps like Coursera, Udemy, and LinkedIn Learning allow students to acquire real-world skills beyond traditional textbooks, preparing them for 21st-century careers.

4. Bridging the Digital Divide

For students from rural and underserved areas, smartphones may be their only means of accessing quality educational resources, bridging the gap between privileged urban learners and those in resource-limited settings.

5. Future-Ready Skills

The Delhi High Court’s emphasis on digital literacy is crucial—students must be taught not just how to use technology, but how to use it responsibly. Schools should integrate:

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• Workshops on cyber safety and responsible social media use
• AI and coding bootcamps to prepare students for future careers
• Digital etiquette lessons to ensure ethical online behaviour

Aim for Balanced Smartphone Policies

As India moves towards Viksit Bharat 2047, its policies on technology in education will shape how well students adapt to the future. Instead of outright bans, schools must:

✅ Develop structured smartphone use policies in consultation with educators, parents, and digital experts.
✅ Educate students on ethical digital use, cyber safety, and screen-time management.
✅ Allow controlled use of smartphones for educational purposes while restricting recreational distractions.

Hence, India must find a middle ground—A well-balanced policy will ensure that students benefit from digital learning tools while minimising the risks of excessive screen time and online distractions.

In a world where the speed of change is often breathtaking, traditional pathways through education are being questioned more than ever. High school students today are increasingly turning away from the conventional route of pursuing undergraduate degrees. Instead, they are opting for direct skill acquisition—learning that is more targeted and often more in sync with the evolving job market. This shift is also reflected in the recruitment practices of modern businesses, where the emphasis on degrees is waning in favour of demonstrable skills and practical experience.

The Rise of Skills Over Degrees

The reasons behind this educational shift are manifold. Firstly, the soaring costs of university education are a significant deterrent. With higher education costs ballooning, students and their families are re-evaluating the return on investment of a traditional university degree. The burden of student loans is formidable, prompting many to question the financial wisdom of this path, especially when there is no guaranteed employment at the end.

Moreover, the rapid pace of technological advancement means that many jobs available today did not exist a decade ago. Many of the skills required for these new roles are not adequately covered in traditional degree programs. This discrepancy has led to the popularity of vocational training and online courses that offer specific skills relevant to particular industries or roles.

Shifting Recruitment Practices

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On the recruitment front, there is a noticeable shift in priorities. Companies across various sectors are increasingly valuing skills and practical experience over formal educational qualifications. This change is partly due to the dynamic nature of modern industries, where adaptability and practical skills often trump theoretical knowledge.

Businesses are looking for employees who can contribute immediately, without the need for extensive on-the-job training. As a result, candidates with hands-on experience and specific skill sets, such as digital marketing expertise or coding proficiency, are becoming more attractive to employers than ever before.

Case Studies and Success Stories

This trend is exemplified by the success stories of individuals who have bypassed traditional educational routes to achieve career success. Tech giants like Google, Apple, and IBM are among those who have revised their hiring criteria to include candidates without degrees, provided they have the necessary skills.

A thought-provoking LinkedIn post by Akshal Agarwal, Co-Founder of NatureNurture, sparked an important conversation about prioritising skills over degrees. This debate highlights the growing need for a workforce that values competencies and hands-on experience over formal educational qualifications.

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Educational platforms such as Coursera, Udemy, and LinkedIn Learning are capitalising on this shift, offering courses designed to develop specific skills that meet the immediate needs of businesses. These platforms also provide certifications that, while not formal degrees, are highly regarded in various industries.

Looking Ahead

The educational landscape is witnessing a profound shift, as more high schoolers choose skill-based learning paths over traditional university degrees. This trend is mirrored in the evolving recruitment strategies of companies, which now prioritize practical skills and experience over formal qualifications. This paradigm shift signals a move towards a more adaptable, skill-focused society where performance and practical abilities are valued above academic credentials. As we navigate this change, it’s vital for educators and policymakers to ensure that our education systems are equipped not just to prepare students for exams, but to equip them for real-world challenges.

This article is authored by- Ravi Santlani, Founder, CEO & Group Editor at ScooNews

The United States is undergoing a major shift in its education policy under President Donald Trump’s administration, with a plan to abolish the US Department of Education through an executive order. This move has sparked widespread fear and uncertainty among education professionals in the US, with experts arguing that it could have far-reaching implications—not just for America but for global education, including India.

What’s Happening in the US?

The Trump administration’s education policies have long been focused on decentralisation—moving decision-making power from the federal government to individual states. The latest effort aims to dismantle the Department of Education altogether, returning full control of education to state governments.

A report by The Guardian describes the panic among Department of Education employees, who fear losing their jobs as federal funding for education faces imminent cuts (source). The department currently supports around 7.5 million students with disabilities and provides critical funding to Title I schools, which cater to over 26 million children living in poverty. The proposed shutdown could mean an end to federal oversight of educational equity, potentially worsening disparities in access to quality education.

The administration has also issued directives eliminating Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) initiatives in federally funded schools, warning that failure to comply could result in the loss of funding for essential services such as student loans, free lunch programs, and special education support (source).

Why Does This Matter Beyond the US?

America’s education policies often set a global precedent, influencing trends in international education, research collaborations, and student exchange programs. If the US withdraws from actively shaping global education policies, it could create a ripple effect on countries, including India, where millions aspire to study in American universities.

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1. Funding Cuts Could Impact Indian Students Studying in the US

   • The US is the top destination for Indian students, with nearly 200,000 Indian students enrolled in American universities in 2024.
   • If Trump’s administration cuts federal student loan programs, the financial burden on international students could increase.
   • Scholarship opportunities, particularly for students from disadvantaged backgrounds, could shrink significantly.

2. Loss of DEI Programs Could Make US Universities Less Inclusive for Indian Students

   • The directive to eliminate diversity and inclusion programs from federally funded institutions could reduce support services for Indian and other international students.
   • Many Indian students rely on DEI initiatives that offer mentorship, career guidance, and cultural adaptation programs.

3. Impact on Higher Education Partnerships

   • India has multiple research collaborations with US universities in fields like AI, healthcare, and climate science.
   • A weakened Department of Education may reduce funding for research collaborations, impacting Indian researchers working in the US.

4. Could India See a Similar Shift in Education Policy?

   • India is currently in a phase of educational reform, with the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 emphasising equitable access to education.
   • If the US reduces investment in public education, there’s concern that other nations, including India, may deprioritise education spending in the long run.

Who Will Be Affected the Most in India?

The biggest impact of the US education shake-up could be felt among economically weaker students and marginalised communities in India.

• Indian students from lower-income backgrounds aiming for US education could struggle with financial aid.
• Institutions collaborating with US universities may see a decline in research funding.
• Public education in India, which already faces funding constraints, might suffer if government priorities shift away from long-term investment in education.

A Step Back for Global Education?

Education has long been seen as the great equaliser, but dismantling federal oversight on education in the US may widen inequalities, not just within America but worldwide. The Time Magazine report on the history of US education policies (source) shows that education reforms have often been tied to social equity movements. Removing this federal framework could reverse decades of progress in education equality.

Experts argue that international collaboration is key in shaping future-ready education systems. However, if the US retracts its role in funding and regulating equitable education, it might push other nations towards privatisation and deregulation, creating greater disparities in access to quality learning.

What Next?

For Indian students, parents, and educators, this is a moment of introspection and advocacy. As the US undergoes these drastic changes, India must ensure that:

1. Financial support structures remain intact for Indian students aspiring to study abroad.
2. Global research collaborations continue, even if funding sources shift.
3. Domestic education policies remain focused on equitable access, rather than mirroring privatisation trends.

The US education system has long served as a benchmark for excellence, but its current trajectory raises concerns for students worldwide. For Indian students looking towards the US for higher education, the road ahead could be more uncertain than ever.

Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi kick-started the 8th edition of Pariksha Pe Charcha 2025, an annual initiative aimed at helping students navigate exam stress and academic pressure with confidence. Breaking away from the conventional Town Hall format, the first episode took place at the serene Sunder Nursery in New Delhi on 10th February 2025, bringing together 36 students from across India for a highly interactive session.

The Prime Minister covered essential topics such as Nutrition and Wellness, Mastering Pressure, The Art of Leadership, 360° Growth Beyond Books, and Finding Positives in Challenges. The session encouraged students to adopt a growth mindset and focus on holistic learning rather than just academic success.

A Star-Studded Line-Up to Guide Students Beyond Academics

As part of the revamped edition of Pariksha Pe Charcha, the government has roped in eminent personalities from diverse fields—including sports stars, entertainment icons, business leaders, and education experts—to engage with students in a series of insightful episodes. The sessions are designed to equip students with practical strategies, inspire them to take on challenges, and instil confidence ahead of their exams.

With five episodes aired so far, Pariksha Pe Charcha 2025 has seen engaging conversations with Sadhguru, Deepika Padukone, Technical Guruji (Gaurav Chaudhary), Radhika Gupta, and leading nutrition experts like Rujuta Diwekar, Shonali Sabherwal, and Revant Himatsingka (Food Pharmer).

Sadhguru on Overcoming Exam Stress with Mindfulness

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In the fifth episode (14th February 2025), Sadhguru engaged students in a free-flowing conversation on the importance of mindfulness in tackling exam-related stress and overcoming life’s challenges.

Sharing his observations, Sadhguru highlighted the increasing number of children suffering from stress-induced health complications due to exam pressure. He emphasised that education is not just about exams, but about gaining access to life itself. He advised students to keep their intelligence in ‘dynamic mode’ and view education as a stepping stone to broader life experiences.

Sadhguru also introduced students to Nada Yoga, demonstrating three basic sounds and encouraging them to practise the technique for seven minutes every morning to improve focus and emotional well-being.

His advice on limiting smartphone usage to maintain concentration and balance in daily life was particularly well received by the students.

Deepika Padukone on Mental Health and Resilience

In the second episode (12th February 2025), Bollywood star Deepika Padukone interacted with 60 students, sharing her personal journey with mental health. She spoke about the importance of acknowledging mental health challenges and seeking support, emphasising that dealing with these issues can be empowering rather than a sign of weakness.

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As a vocal advocate for mental health awareness, Deepika’s insights encouraged students to openly discuss their struggles and adopt positive coping mechanisms.

Technical Guruji and Radhika Gupta on AI & Emerging Technologies

In the third episode (13th February 2025), popular tech influencer Gaurav Chaudhary (Technical Guruji) and Edelweiss Mutual Fund MD & CEO Radhika Gupta introduced students to the fundamentals of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML).

The session focused on the real-world applications of AI, including ChatGPT and AI image-generation tools. The speakers encouraged students to embrace AI-driven learning, explore technological advancements, and build future-ready skills.

Nutrition Experts on Exam Diets & Healthy Living

On 14th February 2025, renowned nutritionists Shonali Sabherwal, Rujuta Diwekar, and Revant Himatsingka (Food Pharmer) interacted with students about the critical role of nutrition in staying stress-free and energised during exams.

The session covered:

• The best brain foods for students
• How to maintain energy levels while studying
• The dangers of excessive caffeine and junk food consumption
• Simple diet changes to improve focus and concentration

Students walked away with actionable tips on maintaining a balanced diet during exam season, ensuring their physical and mental well-being.

A Transformative Initiative for Student Well-Being

With Pariksha Pe Charcha 2025, the Indian government continues to reinforce the importance of holistic development, stress management, and lifelong learning. By inviting leaders from various fields, the initiative ensures that students receive multi-dimensional guidance—not just on academics, but also on mental health, leadership, technology, and well-being.

As students gear up for their exams, these insightful sessions serve as a powerful reminder that success is not just about marks—but about resilience, adaptability, and a well-rounded approach to life.

In an exciting initiative for young nature enthusiasts, Early Bird and Ataavi Bird Foundation are set to organise special bird walks for children during the Great Backyard Bird Count 2025. Scheduled for February 15th and 16th, 2025, these walks will take place in eight Indian cities: Bengaluru, Dimapur, Halol, Jaipur, Mangaluru, Ranchi, Trivandrum, and Ujjain.

Designed for children aged 9 to 13 years, the bird walks aim to nurture curiosity about birds and their habitats, providing an engaging introduction to birdwatching. Led by experienced nature educators, the sessions will help children identify different bird species, understand their behaviours, and develop a deeper appreciation for local biodiversity.

The Great Backyard Bird Count is a global citizen science initiative where birdwatchers of all ages observe and document bird species in their surroundings. The data collected contributes to worldwide studies on bird populations and helps scientists track migration patterns and conservation needs. This year, Early Bird is organising dedicated children’s walks as part of this initiative, encouraging young learners to explore nature firsthand.

Early Bird is a learning programme that brings children closer to birds and nature. The programme has impacted more than 3 lakh children throughout its 10-year existence. This is through the distribution of innovative educational materials on Indian birds, available in 10 Indian languages, besides English. Early Bird is a part of the Nature Conservation Foundation (NCF), a 28-year-old public charitable trust set up to contribute to the knowledge and conservation of India’s unique wildlife heritage.

Previous bird walks led by Early Bird’s expert educators have received enthusiastic responses. A parent from the Goa Walk 2024 shared, “Such an unbelievable and mesmerising variety of birds! Thank you for revealing these treasures in our everyday landscape!”

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The event will take place at key nature spots in each city, including Avalahalli Lake (Bengaluru), Vadatalav Lake (Halol), Kishan Bagh Sand Dunes Park (Jaipur), and Akkulam Lake (Trivandrum). Partner organisations such as Coastal Karnataka Bird Watchers Network (CKBWN), Eco Warriors, Prakriti, and COCOON will collaborate to ensure an enriching experience for all participants.

Event Details

How to Register

Registrations for the bird walks are now open. Interested participants can sign up at https://bit.ly/8cities8walks. Slots are limited and will be filled on a first-come, first-served basis.

This initiative provides a rare opportunity for students to engage with nature, learn about India’s diverse bird species, and contribute to an international conservation effort.

The IB PYP curriculum is structured to support an inquiry-based approach,  guided by empathy, kindness, and the concept of the “power of yet,” which fosters  validation within a safe, non-judgmental space. While physical safety is crucial,  emotional safety is equally important. This emotional safety must first be  nurtured within the individual, who then becomes the facilitator, replicator, and  enabler of such an environment. As a result, the curriculum extends beyond a  mere written framework; it is a living approach—one that nurtures a culture of  coexisting ideas, fostering both personal growth and collaborative learning 

So what is this “Power of Yet?” 

The “power of yet” is a concept popularized by psychologist Carol Dweck, rooted  in the growth mindset theory. It refers to the belief that abilities and intelligence  can be developed through effort, perseverance, and learning. When someone  says “I can’t do this,” the “power of yet” suggests adding “yet” to the statement— 

“I can’t do this yet.” This small shift helps to reframe challenges as opportunities  for growth rather than fixed limitations. It encourages a mindset where mistakes  are seen as a natural part of the learning process and success is achievable  through continuous effort and improvement. 

As a Visual arts facilitator I always kept asking myself how to enable this non judgmental space? I continue to pen my conversations with likeminded  individuals. 

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In today’s educational landscape, the significance of nurturing self-expression in  children cannot be overstated. As we navigate a world increasingly focused on  emotional intelligence and creativity, primary art classes stand out as vital  spaces for young learners. These classes provide children with opportunities to  explore their identities and express themselves creatively. A powerful approach  to enhancing this environment involves the concepts of “yes” and “yet.” By  integrating these affirmations, educators can create a validating atmosphere that  empowers children to embrace their individuality and artistic expression. 

How to validate?  

One of the most effective ways to create a nurturing environment in an art class  is through validation/ the power of “yes.” When children present their artwork  or ideas, a teacher’s enthusiastic affirmation can make a significant impact.  Positive responses to a child’s creative choices not only boost their confidence  but also reinforce their sense of belonging within the classroom community.

For instance, consider a scenario where a child shows their painting of a  fantastical landscape. A teacher might respond with, “Yes, I love the colors you’ve  chosen! They really bring your imagination to life!” Such affirmations validate  the child’s effort and creativity, encouraging them to take pride in their unique  perspective. This practice fosters a culture of positivity where students feel  encouraged to share their ideas freely. 

Moreover, acknowledging children’s feelings is vital in this context. Art can be an  emotional outlet, and children often face frustrations or self-doubt during the  creative process. If a student expresses frustration about their work, a teacher  can respond with empathy: “Yes, it’s okay to feel that way. Art can be  challenging!” This validation helps children feel understood, creating an  environment where they are more willing to share their thoughts and emotions. 

The concept of “yet” is equally powerful in promoting validation and a growth  mindset among young artists. When children encounter difficulties For example,  if a child struggles with a particular technique, the teacher might say, “You  haven’t mastered it yet, but let’s try together!” This simple shift in language  redefines challenges as opportunities for growth, helping children understand  that mastery comes with practice and persistence. By embedding “yet” into  classroom discussions, educators encourage children to see their artistic journey  as ongoing and evolving. 

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Using “yet” also allows children to recognize their potential. If a student states,  “I can’t draw this,” the teacher can reply, “You can’t draw it yet! Let’s practice  some more.” This reframing not only promotes resilience but also instills a sense  of hope and determination. Children learn that struggles are part of the creative  process, and that improvement is always within reach. 

“They are copying me!” – Creating a Safe Space 

To truly unlock the potential of “yes” and “yet,” it is essential to cultivate a  classroom environment that prioritizes safety, support, and respect. Central to  this is fostering a culture of non-judgmental feedback, where students feel  empowered to share their ideas and creations without fear of criticism.  

Often, I observe students covering their artwork or hiding their work, anxious  that their peers may copy them. It is crucial to acknowledge and validate these  concerns. Through thoughtful discussions on academic integrity and the  importance of crediting others’ work, we can shift the conversation. Instead of  labeling it as “copying,” we can frame it as “being inspired by,” transforming what  could be a negative feeling into a positive, growth-focused one. By encouraging  students to recognize and express their sources of inspiration, we not only honor 

their creative process but also promote a culture of respect and collaboration,  where each individual’s contributions are valued. 

Non-Judgmental Feedback to us and to the learners  

I have consistently observed my mentor’s approach during our team discussions,  where he emphasizes acknowledging what went well, while also creating space  for constructive “even better if” feedback. He provides clear, actionable  feedforward that is both practical and attainable, which has been invaluable in  helping me refine and improve my work. Additionally, he encourages the team to  reflect on their successes through anecdotes, coupled with achievable  feedforward, which effectively scaffolds the learning process. This approach  nurtures a growth mindset and empowers individuals to build on their strengths,  fostering meaningful progress in their ongoing journey of improvement. 

In celebrating the art of being, we lay the foundation for a generation of confident,  creative individuals. Art classes, when infused with the power of “yes” and “yet,”  become transformative spaces where children can thrive, experiment, and  ultimately discover who they are as artists and as people. Through this journey,  they learn that their voices matter, and that their unique expressions contribute  to the vibrant tapestry of the world around them.

This article is authored by– Neha G Utmani, Visual Arts Faculty, The Kulish School, Jaipur. She recently led the school to an India record for the longest Dot Art created by a school in a single day. Beyond her achievements, she is a dedicated educator who nurtures and grooms children through art in a deeply therapeutic way.

Bibliography:  

Dweck, C. S. (2006). Mindset: The New Psychology of Success. Random House. 

Thomas, M. (2013). The Art of Encouragement in Education. Routledge. 

Costa, A. L., & Kallick, B. (2008). Learning and Leading with Habits of Mind: 16 Essential Characteristics for Success.  ASCD. 

McKenzie, T. (2013). Teaching and Learning Through Inquiry: A Case Study Approach. Solution Tree Press. McKenzie, T. (2014). The Inquiry-Based Learning Revolution: A Teacher’s Guide to Transforming Your Classroom. Corwin.

As India strives to become a developed nation by 2047, investing in education and physical development is paramount. With the world’s largest youth population and a median age of 28, India is poised for a demographic dividend—a period where a large working-age population can significantly boost economic growth. However, failure to adequately educate, upskill, and ensure the well-being of this young population could lead to a crisis of underemployment and social instability, as highlighted by the World Bank and IMF.

A Missed Opportunity Without Education

India’s literacy rate currently stands at 74.5%, trailing the global average. The Annual Status of Education Report (ASER) 2024 revealed gaps in rural literacy and foundational skills, pointing to a need for immediate intervention. To meet the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which include universal education by 2030, India must increase its education spending from 4.6% to at least 6% of GDP, as recommended by UNESCO.

India’s neighbouring nations have shown varying levels of investment in education, with some surpassing UNESCO’s recommended target of 4-6% of GDP. Bhutan leads the region by allocating 7.5% of its GDP to education, reflecting its strong commitment to human development. Nepal follows closely with 6%, aligning with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and ensuring steady progress in literacy and quality education. In contrast, Pakistan significantly lags behind, investing only around 2% of its GDP in education, contributing to persistent challenges in literacy and educational access. India, currently allocating 4.6% of its GDP to education needs increased investment to bridge educational gaps and fully leverage its demographic advantage.

Experts argue that increasing funding for both formal education and vocational training is essential. According to the IMF, inadequate investment in education and health could result in India squandering its demographic dividend. By bridging the gap between current spending and SDG targets, India can provide access to quality education and skill-building initiatives, thereby empowering youth with future-ready skills.

Beyond Academics: The Case for Physical Education

Parallel to academic learning, physical education is vital in ensuring holistic development. According to a 2024 UNESCO report, more than two-thirds of secondary school students worldwide do not receive the minimum recommended hours of physical education. India is no exception, and the limited emphasis on physical education could hinder long-term benefits, including improved mental health, academic performance, and productivity.

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UNESCO Director-General Audrey Azoulay stresses, “Physical education not only improves pupils’ health but also their academic performance and personal development. It should be treated as a core subject, not an extracurricular activity.”

UNESCO’s recommendations highlight five critical areas for member states:

1. Improving the training of sports educators.
2. Increasing investment in infrastructure.
3. Developing inclusive physical education programs.
4. Increasing allocated hours for physical education in school curricula.
5. Integrating the values of sport into educational programs.

The benefits are evident: physical education can reduce student obesity rates by 30%, improve exam scores for 40% of students, and prevent anxiety and depression among youth. Schools that prioritise sports also report improved attendance and behaviour. However, India currently allocates less than 2% of its education budget to physical education, significantly below the recommended level.

Investing in Holistic Development

To fully harness its demographic advantage, India must adopt a holistic education policy that integrates physical education into the broader academic framework. The growing focus on sports through initiatives such as Khelo India needs to be complemented by increased funding for grassroots physical education in schools. Audrey Azoulay notes that integrating sports values into education builds empathy, teamwork, and resilience, which are essential for navigating the challenges of a rapidly changing world.

Closing the Gap with Public-Private Partnerships

Public-private partnerships (PPPs) have the potential to bridge funding gaps in both education and physical development. Private sector involvement can also ensure that physical education programs receive sustainable support. Initiatives such as specialised sports training academies and skill-based internships can enhance students’ employability and overall development.

India’s path to becoming a developed nation hinges on its investment in education and physical development. Allocating at least 6% of GDP to education and prioritising physical education will create a well-rounded workforce capable of driving economic growth. By bridging the gap between policy and practice, India can ensure that its youth are not just beneficiaries but active contributors to the nation’s progress.

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The Union Budget 2025-26, announced by Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman, has brought a mix of optimism and responsibility to India’s education sector. With ₹78,572 crores allocated to the Department of School Education and Literacy—its highest ever—the government has laid down a roadmap for transforming education through strategic investments in technology, skilling, and inclusion.

Major Allocations for Growth and Inclusivity

A key highlight is the announcement of 50,000 Atal Tinkering Labs in government schools to foster innovation and scientific thinking. Alongside this, the budget’s allocation of ₹42,900 crores for Central Sector Schemes will fund initiatives such as the Pradhan Mantri Innovative Learning Programme (DHRUV) and the National Means-cum-Merit Scholarship Scheme. These programmes aim to provide scholarships and mentorship to talented students, particularly those from economically weaker sections.

The Samagra Shiksha and PM Poshan schemes have also seen increased allocations, receiving ₹41,250 crores and ₹12,500 crores, respectively. Additionally, ₹1,250 crores have been allocated for the New India Literacy Programme and ₹160 crores for the STARS initiative, both critical to addressing foundational literacy and teacher capacity building.

Strengthening Higher Education and Digital Inclusion

Higher education received ₹50,077.95 crores, with a significant push to expand IIT infrastructure, adding seats for 6,500 students across five IITs. Sitharaman emphasised that this was part of a broader effort to align higher education with global standards and industry demands, a sentiment echoed by several educational leaders.

Mr. Nipun Goenka, Managing Director of GD Goenka Group, highlighted the importance of this investment: “The budget’s focus on skilling, research, and AI-driven education reflects a commitment to future-ready competencies. Establishing Centres of Excellence for Skilling and expanding AI education will ensure that students across socio-economic backgrounds can contribute to India’s progress. This year’s focus on broadband connectivity in government schools will democratise access to knowledge and innovation.”

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Focus on STEM, AI, and Research Innovation

The government’s investment in STEM education, with 50,000 Atal Tinkering Labs and expanded IIT capacities, was lauded by Mr. Praneet Mungali, Trustee & Secretary, Sanskriti Group Schools. “This investment significantly enhances India’s STEM ecosystem and will foster curiosity and problem-solving abilities in students,” Mr. Mungali said.

The establishment of National Centres of Excellence in AI was another major highlight. Dr. Yajulu Medury, Vice Chancellor of Mahindra University, praised this decision: “These centres, alongside the 10,000 scholarships for technological research, will nurture innovation and position India as a global leader. Expanding IIT infrastructure in Tier-2 cities will further decentralise opportunities and drive tech-based growth across regions.”

Driving Digital and Linguistic Inclusivity

With ₹681 crores allocated for Digital India e-learning, the government aims to bridge the digital divide. Mr. Kanak Gupta, Group Director of MR Jaipuria Group, appreciated this step: “The emphasis on providing digital Indian language books in schools and higher education is critical to ensuring inclusivity. Quality education, accessible in various languages, will provide uniform learning opportunities for all students.”

Mr. Dilip Gangaramani, CEO of Target Learning Ventures, stressed the importance of AI in education, saying: “The establishment of Centres of Excellence in AI will equip educators and students to harness its potential. However, critical thinking must be fostered to help students evaluate AI outputs and identify biases, ensuring well-rounded, responsible digital citizens.”

A Holistic Approach to Skilling and Research

The budget’s emphasis on skilling through the establishment of five National Centres of Excellence was praised by Ms. Charu Kapoor, Country Director, NIIT Foundation: “This investment will help rural skilling by providing digital training opportunities that were previously limited due to poor internet access. The combination of skill-based training and access to resources will empower youth and contribute meaningfully to India’s global standing.”

Similarly, Mr. Kunal Vasudeva, Co-founder of the Indian School of Hospitality, remarked: “Policy is a work in progress—the test now is in execution. We need a 10X mindset in implementing AI-driven research and deep-tech funding. Universities must lead innovation by aligning their research with national priorities, fostering long-term growth.”

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Medical and Technical Education Expansion

On the higher education front, Sitharaman’s announcement of expanding IIT Patna’s infrastructure and increasing medical seats by 10,000 this year shows a continued push to address capacity needs. “This infrastructure expansion demonstrates the government’s commitment to producing world-class professionals,” said Mr. Naman Jain, Vice Chairman of Silverline Prestige School. “The allocation to K-12 education must be effectively utilised to make global standards accessible to students from marginalised communities.”

Bridging the Gap Between Policy and Practice

Several experts underlined that bold policy must be matched with execution. Mr. Shishir Jaipuria, Chairman of Seth Anandram Jaipuria Group of Educational Institutions, stated: “Fifty thousand Atal Tinkering Labs, better broadband in government schools, and AI education reflect a holistic and forward-thinking approach. The focus on technological fellowships and skilling will empower young minds to lead innovation in an interconnected world.”

Mr. Sagar Kaushik, Associate Director at Propelld, added: “Removing TCS for education remittances and improving accessibility to digital and medical education will help parents plan better for their children’s future. This budget addresses both immediate and long-term challenges, laying a strong foundation for sustainable growth.”

Therefore, it can easily be said that the Union Budget 2025-26 has set the stage for a transformative phase in India’s education sector. From investments in AI and STEM to skilling and digital inclusion, the focus is clear: building an education system that nurtures innovation and positions India as a global knowledge hub. However, experts stress that its success will depend on effective execution, ensuring that the investments translate into tangible improvements across all levels of education.

As India prepares for the announcement of the Union Budget 2025-26, all eyes are on the government’s allocation of funds towards education and skilling. The BJP-led government, now in its first term since re-election in 2024, has an opportunity to set the tone for the next five years, addressing long-standing issues of underfunding while building on past efforts to improve accessibility. This budget is expected to be pivotal in aligning the country’s education system with the demands of a rapidly evolving global economy, as industry experts weigh in on their expectations.

Addressing Key Gaps with Higher Budgetary Allocation

Praveen Singh, CEO of Aasoka (research-based blended curriculum developers for K-12), emphasises the importance of increasing investment in education to 6% of the GDP, which is in line with the ambitions of NEP 2020. “Such investment will be crucial for enhancing public-private partnerships, expanding skilling initiatives, and creating sustainable employment opportunities that contribute to individual empowerment and national economic growth,” Singh said. He also highlighted that achieving ambitious Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) targets in higher education requires leveraging technology and online learning. However, to achieve this, policies must prioritise accessibility and the improvement of learning outcomes.

“Many educational institutions face challenges due to outdated infrastructure and limited technological resources. Addressing these gaps, along with equipping students and faculty with proper tools and training, is vital to preparing future generations for a tech-driven job market,” Singh added, calling for a clear policy roadmap that ensures effective delivery of critical learning skills.

Digital Infrastructure and Inclusive Learning: The Road Ahead

Aarul Malaviya, Founder of Zamit (an AI-driven ed-tech platform), believes that the upcoming budget should prioritise digital infrastructure and inclusive learning. “Increased allocations for technology integration in schools, tax incentives for EdTech platforms, and support for teacher training initiatives can drive innovation and accessibility. With a growing focus on future-ready skills, we anticipate measures that strengthen collaboration between industry and academia, enabling India to nurture a workforce equipped for the challenges of tomorrow,” Malaviya said.

Echoing this sentiment, Naman Jain, Vice-Chairman of Silverline Prestige School, highlighted the need for comprehensive digital integration in K-12 education. “It is essential to dedicate funds toward improving internet access, supplying modern devices, and equipping both educators and students with necessary digital competencies. Schools can provide interactive and personalised learning experiences using technologies such as artificial intelligence, augmented reality, and virtual reality, ensuring equitable access to high-quality education,” Jain said. He also called for increasing the current 4% of GDP allocated to education to 6%, aligning investments with advancements in AI and technology while addressing schools’ fundamental needs.

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Holistic Learning and Skill Development at the Core

Dilip Gangaramani, Founder & Managing Director of Target Learning Ventures, pointed out that holistic child development should be a key focus of this year’s budget. “Robust support in implementing play-based learning methodologies, investments in teacher training, and the establishment of specialised labs—such as robotics and astronomy labs—can empower students with critical thinking and problem-solving skills,” Gangaramani suggested. He also stressed the importance of bridging the digital divide, particularly for marginalised communities, and ensuring access to quality education through increased government support for digital learning resources.

Naman Jain further emphasised the importance of skilling, particularly in emerging fields like AI, data science, and renewable energy. “A concentrated effort on equipping individuals with future-ready employable skills is necessary to provide hands-on experience, especially in creative industries. The government should prioritise investments in AI hubs, centres of excellence, and regulatory frameworks for the EdTech sector,” he stated.

Fostering Innovation Through Industry Collaboration

Dr. Yajulu Medury, Vice Chancellor of Mahindra University, highlighted the need for public-private partnerships to make education more accessible and effective. “Increased financial incentives, simplified regulatory frameworks, and enhanced incubation support can stimulate technological advancements. Establishing centres of excellence and fostering interdisciplinary education can bridge the gap between academic knowledge and practical application,” Medury noted.

Dr. Sanjay Gupta, Vice Chancellor of the World University of Design, emphasised India’s potential in the creative economy. “Our animation, AR/VR, and design sectors are already demonstrating world-class capabilities. By combining our cost-effective talent pool with strategic policy support, we can transform from a service provider into a global creative powerhouse,” Gupta said.

The Role of Fintech in Education Access

Nikunj Agarwal, CFO of Propelld (a FinTech startup specializing in education lending), highlighted the importance of improving credit accessibility for non-banking financial companies (NBFCs) in the education sector. “The private education landscape plays a pivotal role in fostering innovation and skill development in India. We urge policymakers to implement reforms that enable lower lending rates and promote co-lending models, thereby facilitating easier access to funds for students,” Agarwal said.

Building on Past Investments

The Union Budget 2024-25 allocated ₹1.48 lakh crore for education, employment, and skilling, representing a 7.7% increase from the previous year. Key areas included increased funds for school education, higher education, research and development, internationalisation, and foundational literacy and numeracy. Initiatives were also introduced to skill 20 lakh students over five years and provide internship opportunities for one crore youth.

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The upcoming budget will need to expand on these efforts, ensuring that investments are not only increased but effectively utilised to deliver tangible outcomes. With the education sector being a critical driver of India’s future workforce, experts believe that this budget could be a game-changer, setting the nation on a path toward sustainable growth and global competitiveness.

All in all, the Union Budget 2025-26 presents an opportunity to address fundamental issues in the education sector and drive innovation through strategic investments. With experts calling for increased funding, policy reforms, and public-private collaboration, this budget could mark a significant step in shaping a future-ready India.